Rotator Cuff Repair in Bangalore

Understanding the Anatomy of Rotator Cuff

The rotator cuff of the shoulder is made up of four individual muscles and their corresponding tendons that form a covering around the head of the humerus and control different movements of the shoulder, including:

• Supraspinatus: Located on top of the shoulder blade, this muscle initially abducts the arm away from the body.
• Infraspinatus: Found underneath the spine of the scapula (shoulder blade) the infraspinatus is responsible for the external rotation of the arm as well as the stabilization of the shoulder joint.
• Teres minor: Just below the infraspinatus this muscle also aids in the external rotation of the arm and helps to stabilize the shoulder during movement of the arm.
• Subscapularis: Located on the subscapular fossa of the scapula (underside) this muscle aids in the internal rotation of the arm at the shoulder joint and also stabilization of the front of the shoulder joint

The muscles that make up the rotator cuff are the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis. Tendons connect the muscles to the humeral head (the upper arm bone) to stabilize the shoulder and provide rotation and elevation. In their most basic role, these muscles work together to form a cuff around the humeral head to hold it in place in the shoulder. They allow you to rotate your arm and lift it. Any damage to these muscles or their tendons can cause pain, weakness, and reduced range of motion. These muscles originate from the scapula (shoulder blade).

When Do You Need Rotator Cuff Repair Surgery?

When conservative measures including rest, physical therapy, anti-inflammatory drugs, and steroid injections are ineffective in improving performance and relieving symptoms in situations of substantial rotator cuff rips or injuries, a rotator cuff repair surgery may be advised. In the following circumstances, surgery is usually considered:

• Severe pain: If you are experiencing severe shoulder pain, while sleeping, or performing other daily activities. 
• Functional limitations: Your rotator cuff injuries are limiting your daily activities such as lifting objects, reaching overhead, or participating in sports or other recreational activities.
• Large or complete tears: An MRI or another imaging tool shows a large tear or a complete rupture of the rotator cuff tendon. In most situations, surgery will be needed to repair and reattach the tendon to the bone to restore function of the shoulder.
• Active individuals: You are an active individual or an athlete whose shoulder problem has not improved at all with the conservative treatment approach or if you are someone who has had repeated shoulder dislocations from the rotator cuff tear.
• Failed conservative treatment: Your doctor may recommend surgery if you have tried conservative treatment options like resting, heat or cold, pain medicines, and exercises, for several months and you're still experiencing pain that is causing functional problems.

The treatment method chosen will dpend upon the severity of your symptoms, size and location of the tear, activity levels, goals and your overall health. You can have a discussion with your orthopedic surgeon about the risks, benefits, and expected results of the surgery to determine the most appropriate treatment for you.

Different Types Of Rotator Cuff Repair Surgeries

Arthroscopic repair: Arthroscopic repair is a minimally invasive procedure performed using tiny incisions and an arthroscope to guide the surgeon.

Open repair: An open surgical approach consists of a large incision for direct visualization of the shoulder joint. Torn tendons are typically repaired through an open incision.

Mini-open repair: Mini-open repair is a hybrid approach of combining arthroscopic and open methods. This procedure is done in small incision but still, it allows a direct visualization to repair the tendon.