Parotidectomy Surgery

Overview

The parotid gland is the largest salivary gland in the human body. It is located in front of the ear and extends to the jawline. However, sometimes, the parotid gland develops tumors, which can be cancerous (malignant) or noncancerous (benign). It may also develop infections and obstructive salivary stones. Most cases may require surgery (parotidectomy) to remove part or all of the parotid gland. The surgical method depends on the size, type, and location of the tumor. The facial nerve that runs through the gland is carefully dissected as it is crucial to maintain facial movement and expression. 

When Is A Parotidectomy Recommended?

A parotidectomy, an ENT procedure, can be recommended in various situations, the most common of which are as follows:

• Tumors: The tumors of the parotid gland are usually benign, but can be malignant (cancerous) too. Surgery is used to remove the growths, alleviate symptoms, and prevent complications. 
• Chronic infections: Persistent or repeated infections need surgery when they do not respond well to antibiotic treatment or other conservative measures.
• Sialolithiasis: This is a condition where salivary stones form within the parotid gland, blocking the flow of saliva and causing recurrent pain or infections.
• Cosmetic Concerns: In some cases, particularly if a tumor or lesion causes significant facial asymmetry or deformity, parotidectomy may be performed for cosmetic reasons to improve the patient's appearance.
• For diagnostic needs: Lastly, a parotidectomy operation may be required to rule out or confirm cancer, when imaging tests and needle biopsies have failed to provide clear results.

The surgery is chosen after a careful evaluation of the condition. It aims at treating the underlying conditions and minimizing risks.